मुहावरे और वाक्यांश (भाग-3)

{"kind": "vocab", "intro_hi": "Idioms का अर्थ शब्दों के शाब्दिक अर्थ से अलग होता है। SSC परीक्षाओं में ये अक्सर 'Error Spotting' और 'Fill in the blanks' में पूछे जाते हैं क्योंकि छात्र इनका मतलब गलत समझ लेते हैं।", "intro_en": "Idioms are expressions where the meaning is not literal. SSC exams frequently test these to check your understanding of native English usage, especially in context-based questions.", "rules": [{"name_hi": "1. In the lurch", "name_en": "In the lurch", "explain_hi": "किसी को मुसीबत में अकेला छोड़ देना। जब कोई आपकी मदद का वादा करे और ऐन मौके पर साथ छोड़ दे।", "explain_en": "To leave someone in a difficult situation without help. It implies abandoning someone when they need you most.", "examples": [{"en": "When the business failed, his partner left him in the lurch.", "hi": "जब व्यापार विफल हो गया, तो उसके साथी ने उसे मुसीबत में छोड़ दिया।"}, {"en": "Never leave your true friends in the lurch during hard times.", "hi": "कठिन समय में अपने सच्चे दोस्तों को कभी अकेला मत छोड़ो।"}, {"en": "I was left in the lurch when my car broke down in the middle of the forest.", "hi": "जब जंगल के बीच में मेरी कार खराब हो गई, तो मैं मुसीबत में फंस गया।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "He left me in the lunch when I needed money.", "right": "He left me in the lurch when I needed money.", "why_hi": "Lurch और Lunch सुनने में एक जैसे लगते हैं, लेकिन मुहावरा 'Lurch' है।", "why_en": "Students often confuse 'lurch' with 'lunch' due to similar pronunciation."}]}, {"name_hi": "2. Ins and outs", "name_en": "Ins and outs", "explain_hi": "किसी चीज़ की पूरी जानकारी या बारीक विवरण। जब आप किसी काम के हर छोटे-बड़े पहलू को जानते हों।", "explain_en": "The detailed or complicated facts of a situation. It refers to knowing every small detail of a process.", "examples": [{"en": "The old mechanic knows the ins and outs of this vintage car.", "hi": "पुराना मैकेनिक इस पुरानी कार की रग-रग से वाकिफ है।"}, {"en": "It takes time to learn the ins and outs of a new job.", "hi": "नई नौकरी की बारीकियों को सीखने में समय लगता है।"}, {"en": "You must know the ins and outs of the syllabus before starting your preparation.", "hi": "तैयारी शुरू करने से पहले आपको पाठ्यक्रम के हर विवरण का पता होना चाहिए।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "I know the insides and outsides of this machine.", "right": "I know the ins and outs of this machine.", "why_hi": "मुहावरा 'Ins and outs' है, न कि 'Insides and outsides'।", "why_en": "The idiom is fixed as 'ins and outs'; changing it to 'insides' is incorrect."}]}, {"name_hi": "4. In the red", "name_en": "In the red", "explain_hi": "घाटे में होना या कर्ज में होना। व्यापार में जब खर्च कमाई से ज्यादा हो जाए।", "explain_en": "To be losing money or to have a negative bank balance. It signifies financial loss.", "examples": [{"en": "Many small companies are operating in the red this year.", "hi": "इस साल कई छोटी कंपनियां घाटे में चल रही हैं।"}, {"en": "My bank account is in the red after the holiday shopping.", "hi": "छुट्टियों की खरीदारी के बाद मेरा बैंक खाता घाटे (कर्ज) में है।"}, {"en": "The government project is currently in the red.", "hi": "सरकारी परियोजना फिलहाल घाटे में है।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "The shop is in the danger because of no sales.", "right": "The shop is in the red because of no sales.", "why_hi": "वित्तीय घाटे के लिए 'in the red' सही मुहावरा है।", "why_en": "While 'danger' makes sense logically, 'in the red' is the specific idiom for financial loss."}]}, {"name_hi": "5. In the limelight", "name_en": "In the limelight", "explain_hi": "चर्चा या आकर्षण का केंद्र होना। जब हर कोई आपके बारे में बात कर रहा हो।", "explain_en": "To be the center of public attention or interest. To be famous or well-known for something.", "examples": [{"en": "The young cricketer has been in the limelight after his century.", "hi": "शतक लगाने के बाद युवा क्रिकेटर चर्चा के केंद्र में है।"}, {"en": "Politicians always love to stay in the limelight.", "hi": "राजनेताओं को हमेशा सुर्खियों में रहना पसंद होता है।"}, {"en": "She found herself in the limelight after winning the national award.", "hi": "राष्ट्रीय पुरस्कार जीतने के बाद वह चर्चा में आ गई।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "He is in the sunlight after the movie success.", "right": "He is in the limelight after the movie success.", "why_hi": "सुर्खियों के लिए 'limelight' शब्द का प्रयोग होता है, 'sunlight' का नहीं।", "why_en": "The idiom specifically uses 'limelight', which refers to old stage lights."}]}, {"name_hi": "6. In a tight corner", "name_en": "In a tight corner", "explain_hi": "मुश्किल परिस्थिति में होना। जब बाहर निकलने का रास्ता बहुत कठिन हो।", "explain_en": "To be in a very difficult or awkward situation where escape is hard.", "examples": [{"en": "The captain was in a tight corner when three main players got injured.", "hi": "जब तीन मुख्य खिलाड़ी घायल हो गए, तो कप्तान मुश्किल स्थिति में था।"}, {"en": "I am in a tight corner because I lost my wallet and passport.", "hi": "मैं मुश्किल में हूँ क्योंकि मैंने अपना बटुआ और पासपोर्ट खो दिया है।"}, {"en": "The lawyer's clever questions put the witness in a tight corner.", "hi": "वकील के चतुर सवालों ने गवाह को मुश्किल में डाल दिया।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "He is in a small corner due to heavy debt.", "right": "He is in a tight corner due to heavy debt.", "why_hi": "मुहावरे में 'tight' शब्द का प्रयोग होता है, 'small' का नहीं।", "why_en": "The fixed idiom is 'in a tight corner', not 'small corner'."}]}, {"name_hi": "7. In cold blood", "name_en": "In cold blood", "explain_hi": "बिना किसी दया या भावना के, सोच-समझकर की गई क्रूरता। अक्सर हत्या के लिए उपयोग होता है।", "explain_en": "To do something (usually a crime) deliberately and without any feeling or mercy.", "examples": [{"en": "The innocent villagers were killed in cold blood.", "hi": "मासूम ग्रामीणों की बेरहमी से हत्या कर दी गई।"}, {"en": "It was a murder committed in cold blood.", "hi": "यह ठंडे दिमाग से की गई एक क्रूर हत्या थी।"}, {"en": "He planned the attack in cold blood to take revenge.", "hi": "उसने बदला लेने के लिए बेरहमी से हमले की योजना बनाई।"}], "mistakes": []}, {"name_hi": "8. In doldrums", "name_en": "In doldrums", "explain_hi": "सुस्ती या प्रगति की कमी। जब कोई काम रुक जाए या मन बहुत उदास और ऊर्जाहीन हो।", "explain_en": "A state of inactivity, lack of progress, or feeling low in spirits.", "examples": [{"en": "The real estate market is in the doldrums these days.", "hi": "इन दिनों रियल एस्टेट बाजार में भारी सुस्ती है।"}, {"en": "After failing the exam, he was in the doldrums for a month.", "hi": "परीक्षा में फेल होने के बाद, वह एक महीने तक उदासी में रहा।"}, {"en": "The peace talks are currently in the doldrums.", "hi": "शांति वार्ता फिलहाल रुकी हुई है।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "The economy is in doldrum.", "right": "The economy is in the doldrums.", "why_hi": "यह शब्द हमेशा 'the doldrums' (plural) के रूप में उपयोग किया जाता है।", "why_en": "The idiom always uses the plural 'doldrums' and usually takes 'the' before it."}]}, {"name_hi": "9. In the family way", "name_en": "In the family way", "explain_hi": "गर्भवती होना। यह 'pregnant' कहने का एक सभ्य और पुराना तरीका है।", "explain_en": "A polite or indirect way of saying that a woman is pregnant.", "examples": [{"en": "She resigned from her job because she was in the family way.", "hi": "उसने नौकरी से इस्तीफा दे दिया क्योंकि वह गर्भवती थी।"}, {"en": "The doctor advised her to take rest as she is in the family way.", "hi": "डॉक्टर ने उसे आराम करने की सलाह दी क्योंकि वह गर्भवती है।"}, {"en": "Is it true that your sister is in the family way?", "hi": "क्या यह सच है कि तुम्हारी बहन गर्भवती है?"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "She is in a family way.", "right": "She is in the family way.", "why_hi": "यहाँ 'the' article का प्रयोग निश्चित है।", "why_en": "The idiom uses the definite article 'the', not 'a'."}]}, {"name_hi": "10. Ivory tower", "name_en": "Ivory tower", "explain_hi": "काल्पनिक दुनिया। एक ऐसी स्थिति जहाँ व्यक्ति आम जीवन की समस्याओं से दूर रहता है।", "explain_en": "A state of mind or place where someone is sheltered from the practical problems of real life.", "examples": [{"en": "Academics are often accused of living in an ivory tower.", "hi": "शिक्षाविदों पर अक्सर वास्तविक दुनिया से दूर काल्पनिक दुनिया में रहने का आरोप लगाया जाता है।"}, {"en": "You cannot understand poverty while living in your ivory tower.", "hi": "अपनी काल्पनिक दुनिया में रहकर आप गरीबी को नहीं समझ सकते।"}, {"en": "He needs to come out of his ivory tower and face the truth.", "hi": "उसे अपनी काल्पनिक दुनिया से बाहर आकर सच्चाई का सामना करने की ज़रूरत है।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "He lives in an iron tower.", "right": "He lives in an ivory tower.", "why_hi": "हाथी दांत (Ivory) का टावर विलासिता और अलगाव का प्रतीक है, लोहे (Iron) का नहीं।", "why_en": "The idiom refers to 'ivory' to symbolize being detached from reality."}]}, {"name_hi": "11. In the dumps", "name_en": "In the dumps", "explain_hi": "बहुत दुखी या मनहूस महसूस करना। 'In the blues' जैसा ही अर्थ है।", "explain_en": "Feeling very unhappy, miserable, or discouraged.", "examples": [{"en": "She has been down in the dumps since her cat died.", "hi": "जब से उसकी बिल्ली मरी है, वह बहुत उदास है।"}, {"en": "Why are you so in the dumps today?", "hi": "आज तुम इतने उदास क्यों हो?"}, {"en": "Winning the match brought him out of the dumps.", "hi": "मैच जीतने से उसकी उदासी दूर हो गई।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "He is in the dump.", "right": "He is in the dumps.", "why_hi": "यहाँ 'dumps' हमेशा plural में आता है।", "why_en": "The idiom is 'in the dumps'; using it in singular form is grammatically incorrect for this expression."}]}, {"name_hi": "12. In a flutter", "name_en": "In a flutter", "explain_hi": "घबराहट या उत्तेजना की स्थिति। जब मन अशांत और बेचैन हो।", "explain_en": "In a state of nervous excitement, confusion, or agitation.", "examples": [{"en": "The bride was in a flutter on her wedding day.", "hi": "शादी के दिन दुल्हन घबराहट और उत्तेजना में थी।"}, {"en": "The news of the surprise inspection put the staff in a flutter.", "hi": "अचानक निरीक्षण की खबर ने कर्मचारियों में घबराहट पैदा कर दी।"}, {"en": "She is all in a flutter about her first stage performance.", "hi": "वह अपने पहले स्टेज परफॉर्मेंस को लेकर काफी उत्तेजित और घबराई हुई है।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "She was in a fly because of the result.", "right": "She was in a flutter because of the result.", "why_hi": "घबराहट के लिए 'flutter' (फड़फड़ाहट) का उपयोग होता है, 'fly' का नहीं।", "why_en": "Flutter represents the rapid beating of the heart or wings, signifying nervousness."}]}, {"name_hi": "13. Jaundiced eye", "name_en": "Jaundiced eye", "explain_hi": "पक्षपातपूर्ण नज़रिया। किसी चीज़ को पहले से बनी गलत धारणा या ईर्ष्या से देखना।", "explain_en": "To look at something with prejudice, suspicion, or envy. A biased way of judging.", "examples": [{"en": "He looks at all modern art with a jaundiced eye.", "hi": "वह सभी आधुनिक कलाओं को पक्षपातपूर्ण नज़रिए से देखता है।"}, {"en": "You should not judge his work with a jaundiced eye.", "hi": "आपको उसके काम को गलत धारणा के साथ नहीं आंकना चाहिए।"}, {"en": "Because of their old fight, he sees her success with a jaundiced eye.", "hi": "पुरानी लड़ाई के कारण, वह उसकी सफलता को ईर्ष्या भरी नज़रों से देखता है।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "Don't see me with a yellow eye.", "right": "Don't see me with a jaundiced eye.", "why_hi": "पीलिया (Jaundice) में आँखें पीली होती हैं, इसलिए मुहावरा 'jaundiced eye' है।", "why_en": "While jaundice makes eyes yellow, the idiom specifically uses the word 'jaundiced'."}]}, {"name_hi": "14. Keep body and soul together", "name_en": "Keep body and soul together", "explain_hi": "सिर्फ जीवित रहने लायक कमाना या गुज़ारा करना। बहुत मुश्किल से जीवन यापन करना।", "explain_en": "To earn just enough money to survive or to stay alive in difficult conditions.", "examples": [{"en": "His salary is barely enough to keep body and soul together.", "hi": "उसका वेतन मुश्किल से गुज़ारा करने के लिए पर्याप्त है।"}, {"en": "During the famine, people struggled to keep body and soul together.", "hi": "अकाल के दौरान, लोगों ने जीवित रहने के लिए कड़ा संघर्ष किया।"}, {"en": "He works two jobs just to keep body and soul together.", "hi": "वह सिर्फ गुज़ारा करने के लिए दो नौकरियां करता है।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "He works hard to keep body and mind together.", "right": "He works hard to keep body and soul together.", "why_hi": "मुहावरे में 'soul' (आत्मा) शब्द आता है, 'mind' नहीं।", "why_en": "The traditional idiom pairs 'body' with 'soul'."}]}, {"name_hi": "15. Keep the wolf from the door", "name_en": "Keep the wolf from the door", "explain_hi": "भुखमरी से बचना। इतना पैसा होना कि भोजन और बुनियादी ज़रूरतें पूरी हो सकें।", "explain_en": "To have enough money to buy food and avoid starving.", "examples": [{"en": "The poor farmer earns just enough to keep the wolf from the door.", "hi": "गरीब किसान सिर्फ इतना कमाता है कि भुखमरी से बच सके।"}, {"en": "In this inflation, it is hard to keep the wolf from the door.", "hi": "इस महंगाई में भुखमरी से बचना मुश्किल है।"}, {"en": "He took a small loan to keep the wolf from the door during the lockdown.", "hi": "उसने लॉकडाउन के दौरान भुखमरी से बचने के लिए एक छोटा कर्ज लिया।"}], "mistakes": [{"wrong": "Keep the dog from the door.", "right": "Keep the wolf from the door.", "why_hi": "भेड़िया (Wolf) यहाँ भूख और खतरे का प्रतीक है, कुत्ता (Dog) नहीं।", "why_en": "The idiom specifically uses 'wolf' as a symbol of hunger and danger."}]}], "summary_hi": ["In the lurch का अर्थ है किसी को संकट में छोड़ देना।", "Ins and outs का मतलब है किसी चीज़ का पूरा विवरण।", "In the blues और In the dumps दोनों का अर्थ 'उदास होना' है।", "In the red वित्तीय घाटे (loss) को दर्शाता है।", "Ivory tower एक काल्पनिक दुनिया को कहते हैं।", "In cold blood का प्रयोग क्रूर और सुनियोजित हत्या के लिए होता है।", "Jaundiced eye का अर्थ पक्षपातपूर्ण नज़रिया रखना है।", "Keep the wolf from the door का अर्थ भुखमरी से बचना है।"], "summary_en": ["'In the lurch' means to abandon someone in trouble.", "'Ins and outs' refers to the full details of something.", "Both 'In the blues' and 'In the dumps' mean feeling depressed.", "'In the red' signifies being in debt or financial loss.", "'Ivory tower' refers to a world detached from reality.", "'In cold blood' is used for planned and merciless actions.", "'Jaundiced eye' means having a prejudiced or biased view.", "'Keep the wolf from the door' means to avoid starvation."]}